The flowering and podding stage of rapeseed is a critical period that spans from the beginning of flowering to full maturity. During this time, the plant focuses primarily on reproductive growth rather than vegetative development. Effective field management during this phase is essential for achieving high yields. Farmers should pay close attention to nutrient balance, particularly avoiding both deficiencies and excessive nitrogen application. Proper use of flower fertilizer and granular fertilizer can help reduce flower drop, increase pod set, seed number, and grain weight, while also improving oil content.
In addition to fertilization, it's important to manage water levels to prevent drought or waterlogging. Removing old, yellow leaves promptly and preventing lodging are also key practices. Applying the right amount of fertilizer at the right time can significantly impact the success of the crop.
The timing of flower fertilizer application depends on factors like seedling health and soil fertility. For rapeseed that has developed well through autumn, winter, and early spring, applying 5–7.5 kg of urea per acre or 10–15 kg of ammonium sulfate at the initial flowering stage is recommended, especially when leaves and stems show slight discoloration. However, if the plants are vigorous, with dark green leaves and strong population density, fertilizer should be used more cautiously to avoid overgrowth.
On the other hand, if the seedlings are weak, the population is sparse, or there’s a noticeable decline in flowering, early application of flower fertilizer is necessary to support growth. In cases where premature aging, early flowering, or pale green leaves are observed, foliar feeding can be an effective solution. A mixture of 0.3–0.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5–1 kg of urea dissolved in 75 kg of water, applied 2–3 times, can help extend the functional life of leaves and stems, enhancing photosynthesis and supporting seed filling.
However, in fields where the plants are growing normally and the pods are tightly closed, granular fertilizer should generally be avoided to prevent delayed maturity and excessive moisture retention. Careful monitoring and timely intervention during the flowering and podding stages are crucial for maximizing yield and quality in rapeseed cultivation.
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