Shield pumps are generally categorized based on factors such as temperature, pressure, the presence or absence of particles, and the viscosity of the liquid being transported. These pumps can be classified into several types, including the standard type (basic type), reverse circulation type, high-temperature type, self-priming type, mud separation type, and specialized designs for use in ships, nuclear power plants, and absorption refrigeration systems.
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①The standard magnetic pump (basic type) is primarily used for conveying non-particle media with low vapor pressure and moderate temperature. Typically, the medium temperature does not exceed 150°C, and the basic single-stage impeller can achieve a head of up to 220 meters.
② The reverse circulation type shield pump features an internal circulation structure within the impeller that utilizes high pressure, making it suitable for transporting easily vaporizable liquids—often referred to as "easy vaporization type." As shown in Figure 2-16, the medium enters the pump chamber through the inlet. Most of it is discharged through the outlet via the impeller's rotation, while a portion is directed into the motor. This fluid first lubricates the front bearing, then flows through the stator and rotor shields to cool the motor. After lubricating the bearings, this part of the medium is not returned to the inlet but instead flows from the rear orifice into the vapor zone of the inlet tank.
③ The high-temperature shield pump is designed to handle media with temperatures up to 450°C. These pumps typically require an external cooling system, with an insulation plate separating the motor section from the pump head, as illustrated in Figure 2-17. Even when the medium reaches 450°C, the internal motor temperature remains below 100°C, allowing the use of a standard insulation class motor. However, if no external coolant is available and the motor power is small, special heat-resistant coils may be used, typically operating at temperatures below 400°C.
â‘£ The high-melting point type shield pump is equipped with a jacket on both the hydraulic end and the motor side. This jacket can be filled with steam or heated liquid to prevent the high-melting-point medium from crystallizing, as shown in Figure 2-18. If an external circulation tube is used, it should also be insulated with steam or electric heating.
⑤ The self-priming shield pump is ideal for applications where the liquid level is below the pump's inlet centerline. It can operate effectively even after being restarted following a shutdown, as demonstrated in Figure 2-19. Normally, the maximum suction lift, measured from the liquid surface to the pump's suction centerline, ranges between 6 to 7 meters.
â‘¥ The mud separation type is designed for handling media containing suspended particles. The mud-type shield pump includes an external flushing port on the motor side. A clean and appropriate flushing fluid is injected through this port to cool the motor, lubricate the bearings, and prevent particles from entering the motor, as shown in Figure 2-20. A spacer ring or mechanical seal is installed between the motor and the pump.
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