Xiaoli Potted Culture Method:
Xiaoli, also known as small-flowered chrysanthemums, is best suited for dwarf varieties when grown in pots. The ideal potting mix consists of 5 parts garden soil, 3 parts fine sand or slag, and 2 parts well-decomposed organic fertilizer. To ensure proper drainage, the bottom of the pot should be covered with crushed tiles. Seedlings are typically placed in 10 cm pots, and a diluted cake fertilizer is applied during the early stages. Once the plant reaches about 20 cm in height, it should be repotted twice before removing the buds. Each time, fresh humus soil is added to fill the pot, helping to maintain healthy growth.
Light is essential for Xiaoli. These plants require at least 6 to 10 hours of sunlight daily. If they are kept in low-light conditions for extended periods, their growth will be stunted, leading to fewer flowers and increased susceptibility to diseases.
Temperature plays a significant role in Xiaoli's development. It thrives in cooler environments, making it more suitable for northern China. In summer and autumn, it blooms abundantly, while in the Yangtze River valley, it tends to enter a semi-dormant state during hot summers. To prevent overheating, it’s important to provide shade using leaves and mist the plants regularly to cool them down.
Watering should be done evenly to avoid both overwatering and underwatering. Xiaoli needs consistent moisture but not waterlogged soil. During hot summer months, more frequent watering is necessary, while in spring and autumn, it should be reduced. Avoid water accumulation during rainy days, and keep the pots elevated. Watering should be minimized or stopped completely before the harvest season to encourage better blooming.
Fertilization is key to achieving vibrant blooms. In addition to the base fertilizer, apply a diluted cake fertilizer every 10 to 15 days during the growing season. After the buds appear, use a 1% to 3% solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to enhance the color and overall appearance of the flowers.
Pruning helps control the shape and promote more flowers. When cultivating a single small flower, remove lateral buds and leave only the main branches. For potted plants, keep the height under control by removing all axillary buds from the base and picking flowers along the long buds. When growing four small flowers, once the seedling reaches 10 to 15 cm, leave two nodes at the base to form four side branches. Each side branch should have one top bud, resulting in four open flowers. If you want the plants to bloom around National Day, perform a major pruning after the first flowering in early July. Cut back the branches to about 20 cm, allow them to wilt slightly, and then prune again. After cutting, reduce watering and follow general care practices for about two months to ensure blooming on National Day.
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