As temperatures gradually rise, farmers should pay close attention to pesticide application methods. According to Tracy from China Pesticide Network, here are some important tips to ensure safe and effective use of pesticides during warmer seasons:
1. **Improve Pesticide Adhesion and Utilization**
When applying pesticides to open-field crops, it's essential to choose products that are rain-resistant and suitable for emulsifiable concentrates. These formulations tend to stay longer on plant surfaces compared to powders or liquids. For crops with hairy or waxy leaves—such as corn, green onions, ginger, and taro—the liquid may not spread evenly, forming droplets that fail to make full contact. To enhance effectiveness, consider adding an adjuvant like silicone to the mixture, which improves coverage and adherence.
2. **Adjust Concentration Based on Temperature**
Most pesticides become more effective at higher temperatures. Therefore, it’s advisable to reduce the concentration when applying them in hot weather, especially for hormone-based pesticides. Over-concentration can lead to phytotoxicity, damaging the plants. Always adjust the dosage according to the current temperature to maintain both safety and efficacy.
3. **Optimize Spraying Technique**
The quality of spraying plays a crucial role in pesticide effectiveness. Excessive spray volume can cause droplets to merge into larger drops, which then roll off the leaves, reducing the amount of active ingredient that remains on the plant. A good sprayer should provide fine, even atomization, ensuring maximum coverage without excessive runoff. It's also important to spray thoroughly, especially on the underside of leaves where pests often lay eggs.
4. **Plan Spraying Times to Avoid Toxicity**
To prevent harm to both humans and plants, avoid spraying during the hottest parts of the day, particularly in summer. The best times are early morning (before 9 AM) or late afternoon (after 4 PM). Additionally, always wear protective gear such as masks and gloves when handling volatile pesticides. Do not apply pesticides continuously for extended periods, as this can increase the risk of both environmental and health hazards.
By following these guidelines, farmers can maximize the benefits of pesticide use while minimizing risks to their crops and themselves. Stay informed and adapt your practices based on weather conditions and crop needs.
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