Laser marking technology is one of the most widely used applications in laser processing. It involves using a high-energy-density laser to illuminate a specific area of a workpiece, causing a chemical reaction that either vaporizes the surface material or changes its color, resulting in a permanent mark. This technique can produce a wide range of text, symbols, and intricate patterns, with character sizes ranging from millimeters to micrometers. Its precision makes it especially valuable for fine processing in modern manufacturing.
Compared to traditional methods like etching, EDM, mechanical scribing, and printing, laser marking offers significant advantages in terms of speed, accuracy, and durability. The following sections explore several new applications and advanced technologies in laser engraving, particularly in the surface treatment of 3C (Computer, Communication, and Consumer Electronics) products.
**New Application 1: Laser Engraving on Laptop Shells**
With the rapid growth of the notebook computer market and increasing competition, innovative processing technologies are constantly emerging. One such advancement is the use of laser engraving on laptop casings, which has become a popular choice due to its efficiency and aesthetics.
Using a laser wire drawing process, manufacturers can ensure the structural integrity of the casing while also dissipating heat effectively. The results are precise, visually appealing, and highly customizable, allowing for the integration of humanized and entertainment-themed designs. This not only enhances the visual appeal but also adds a sense of luxury and texture to the product.
For example, the Huagong LSD12E large-format laser marking machine can achieve speeds up to 1600 mm/s, with a maximum speed of 10,000 mm/s. A 14-inch notebook panel can be intricately engraved with graphics in about seven minutes. Directly marked on aluminum, magnesium alloy, and stainless steel surfaces, the results are beautiful, clean, and sharp—making it an ideal alternative to screen printing and knife engraving. After engraving, electroplating gives the surface a smooth, oily texture.
**New Application 2: COâ‚‚ Galvanometer Engraving for Alloy Surface Oxidation**
The dynamic COâ‚‚ galvanometer engraving machine is now being used to break oxygen on the surface of magnesium alloys and notebook heat sinks. This method is efficient, safe, and does not cause ignition. It offers high precision, optimized filling techniques, and fast processing speeds, making it ideal for surface treatment in the electronics industry.
**New Application 3: Light Marking on Keyboards and Plastic Parts**
Large-format full-page marking of notebook keyboards eliminates multiple clamping operations, significantly improving marking efficiency. A full-page design can be completed in just 15 seconds, ensuring consistent quality and faster production times.
**New Application 4: Mobile Phone Button Marking**
Laser marking is increasingly used for mobile phone buttons, offering high precision and durability. It ensures clear, long-lasting markings without damaging the surrounding materials.
**New Application 5: Insulation Pad Cutting**
Laser cutting is now commonly used for cutting insulation pads in mobile devices, providing clean edges and precise cuts without generating heat damage.
**New Application 6: UV Laser Marking**
UV laser marking differs from infrared processing because it doesn't involve heat treatment. UV light is more easily absorbed by many materials, allowing high-energy photons to directly break molecular bonds on non-metallic surfaces. This "cold" photo-etching process results in smooth edges and minimal carbonization, making it ideal for delicate materials.
UV lasers offer three key advantages over infrared and green lasers:
1. **Broader Material Compatibility**: More types of materials absorb UV light.
2. **Higher Energy per Photon**: A 1W UV laser delivers energy equivalent to a 3W infrared laser.
3. **Smaller Spot Size**: UV lasers can focus on sub-micron spots, enabling precise microprocessing.
The 355nm UV laser, with its short wavelength and small focusing spot, is particularly effective for cold processing. It’s well-suited for marking glass, polymers, micro-holes (≤10μm), flexible PCBs, LCDs, TFTs, dicing, and cutting.
**New Application 7: Laser Color Marking**
Laser color marking machines use advanced optical technology and a unique water-cooling system to enhance laser power and beam stability. They are ideal for color marking on metal, molds, plastics, PVC, ceramics, and other materials, offering vibrant and durable results.
**New Application 8: Laser Depth Marking**
Although less common, laser depth marking is gaining popularity for blackening and deepening surfaces on bearings and crafts. Compared to traditional mechanical engraving, it offers finer details, stronger 3D effects, and faster processing, making it a promising technology for future applications.
**New Application 9: Narrow Pulse Width Laser Marking**
Narrow pulse width lasers have distinct advantages in laser engraving. With pulse widths typically under 10 ns, they provide high peak power and compact design. Their adjustable repetition frequency (10–100 KHz) expands their application range. These lasers allow for superior beam quality, enabling ultra-fine marking even at low pulse energy levels. Their smaller size reduces equipment footprint and improves integration in production environments.
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