Wheat, spinach, melon, corn, and celery are cultivated in a five-year cycle. This method ensures grain production while increasing the planting area for vegetables, raising the multiple cropping index, and making full use of light and heat resources, offering clear advantages. The model typically costs between 350 to 400 kilograms per acre in Fujian, with spinach ranging from 800 to 1,000 kilograms, winter melon from 3,500 to 4,000 kilograms, corn from 550 to 650 kilograms, and celery reaching 5,000 kilograms per mu, with an output value exceeding 6,000 yuan per mu.
First, preparation and specifications
After harvesting autumn crops, the fields are promptly tilled, beds are made, soil is finely prepared, and base fertilizer is reapplied with balanced nutrition. Organic fertilizer is generally applied at 5,000 kg per acre, ammonium bicarbonate at 50–60 kg, diammonium phosphate at 30 kg, potassium sulfate at 20 kg, along with appropriate amounts of zinc, boron, manganese, and magnesium fertilizers or organic compost. After fine soil preparation, the beds are pressed to 160 cm wide and 6 rows of wheat are sown, covering about 100 cm. Spinach is then planted on the other side and on the clods. Spinach is harvested before winter or after returning to green. In early March, winter melon is cultivated using Yangshuo nutrition, and by mid-April, it is planted on the original spinach lines with film cover. Plant spacing is 40 cm. Before wheat harvest, a row of corn is planted on both sides of the sorghum. In early August, celery is planted between the corn rows and is harvested by late November.
Second, main cultivation techniques
　　 1. Wheat. Select varieties like Jimai 21, Jimai 22, Liaomai 18, and Aikang 58. Ensure proper planting density and manage fertilization and pest control as in regular wheat fields.
　　 2. Spinach. Use Japanese large-leaf spinach, seeding at 3 kg per mu. Keep seedlings spaced 3 cm apart. Harvest appropriately before winter. Apply ammonium bicarbonate every 3–4 leaves at 50 kg per mu. Cover with mulch before winter to protect against cold. Clear the cover when green returns and apply topdressing and watering as needed in mid-to-late March of the following year.
　　 3. Winter Melon. After spinach harvest, apply 2,000 kg of soil fertilizer and 15 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu. Flatten the surface. Use small melon varieties such as Beijing early-maturing winter melon, with each melon weighing 2–3 kg. Seedlings are covered with plastic film in mid-April. Planting rows are spaced 35 cm apart, with three vines per plant. Remove extra branches and first female flowers, leaving second ones to set fruit. Combine wheat grouting water with winter melon irrigation, applying quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer during watering. Prevent diseases like blight and powdery mildew using agents like Dasheng, mancozeb, etc. Control aphids and whiteflies with imidacloprid or permethrin. Apply foliar sprays of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5% urea. When the melons reach 1.5–2 kg, harvest them to promote further growth.
　　 4. Corn. Plant one row of corn on either side of the wheat 7–10 days before wheat harvest. Spacing is 25 cm, with small rows at 30 cm and large rows at 130 cm. Use early-maturing varieties like Zhengdan 958, Yudan 20, and Zhongke 11. Spray insecticides like imidacloprid to eliminate pests after wheat harvest. Apply antiviral agents and 0.3% potassium permanganate to prevent disease. Cut straw after harvest to improve light for celery. Other field management follows standard practices.
　　 5. Celery. After melon harvest, rot the vines in the field. Clear the field by the end of July and spray bactericides inside the cockroach to prevent disease. Apply 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 2,000 kg of high-quality soil fertilizer per mu. Plant celery 15 cm deep. Soak seeds for 12 hours before sowing, germinate in wet gauze, and sow when seeds begin to sprout. Water after sowing, spray herbicides near the ground, and keep the soil moist before emergence. Thin seedlings to 2–3 times, with final spacing around 3 cm. Transplant seedlings at 15 cm × 10 cm spacing. Apply foliar sprays of gibberellin, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and urea once every 10–15 days. Stop watering 7–10 days before harvest.
Third, model advantages
Wheat and corn provide good ventilation and light transmission, reducing disease incidence. The side benefits are significant. Melons do not need pressing, saving time and labor, and preventing contact with the ground, which reduces pests and diseases. Corn provides shade for early celery growth, allowing it to thrive in hot summers. Different crops have varying fertilizer needs, fully utilizing soil fertility. Overall, this model is an excellent agricultural system.
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