Abstract: This paper explores the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives and their impact on pig growth performance, reproductive efficiency, carcass quality, meat characteristics, and immune function. It highlights the growing interest in natural alternatives to chemical additives in the swine industry.
Keywords: pigs; Chinese herbal medicine; feed additives; application status
CLC number: S858.28 | Document code: B | Article number: 1003-8655 (2012) 04-0046-02
China has a long history of using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), making it one of the earliest and most widely used countries for herbal applications. With the rapid development of the feed industry, concerns over the negative effects of chemical additives have increased, leading to greater interest in TCM-based feed additives. These natural products are gaining popularity due to their effectiveness, safety, and ability to enhance animal health without causing drug resistance.
1. Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Feed Additives
1.1 Natural Origin
Traditional Chinese medicines are derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, and minerals. These substances maintain their biological activity and are often confirmed through centuries of medical practice to be beneficial for both human and animal health.
1.2 Safety and Reliability
Herbal ingredients used in feed additives have been tested and refined over time. They contain active components that are safe and effective, with minimal toxic side effects and low potential for drug resistance [1].
1.3 Broad Functional Effects
Research shows that Chinese herbs contain compounds like polysaccharides, alkaloids, and glycosides. When used in combination, they not only provide nutritional benefits but also help regulate the body’s internal balance, promoting better overall health and digestion in pigs.
1.4 No Drug Resistance
Unlike antibiotics and synthetic drugs, natural herbal additives do not lead to drug resistance. They can be used continuously without losing efficacy. In fact, when combined with antibiotics, they may reduce side effects and enhance the effectiveness of the treatment [2].
1.5 Economic and Environmentally Friendly
Chinese herbal medicines are naturally sourced, easy to produce, and have minimal environmental impact. Their organic nature makes them stable, easy to store, and less prone to degradation, offering a sustainable option for modern livestock farming.
2. Application of Chinese Herbal Medicine Feed Additives in Pig Production
2.1 Effects on Growth Performance
Studies by Li Yujun [3] have shown that combining herbs like Astragalus, Codonopsis, Ai Ye, and Shenqu significantly improves daily weight gain and reduces feed-to-meat ratios, leading to better economic returns. Wang Shizhen [4] found that adding Hawthorn, Atractylodes, Cinnabar, and Betel nut improved the test group's weight by 8.7% and 8.3%, with a better feed conversion rate compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Lu Yan et al. reviewed various herbal feed additives and found they enhance nutrient digestion in growing and finishing pigs, resulting in significant growth improvements. Li Wanye et al. [5] demonstrated that formulas containing Angelica, Chenpi, Polygonum, and Atractylodes stimulate appetite and increase feed intake, positively affecting pig growth and development.
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