Injury refers to the damage caused by excessive soil moisture to crops. The occurrence of damage is due to the low terrain, heavy soil and poor drainage. Second, in the season when the rainfall period is too long or the rainfall is too large, the surface water and groundwater are excessive, and they cannot be discharged at one time; the groundwater level is high, and the poorly drained depressions are vulnerable to crop damage. Then there is the flooding caused by flooding of rivers in the flood season and the slope of the slopes. In short, if the amount of water is too large and it is not well drained, it will cause harm. After the crop has suffered from disasters, it is necessary to take timely measures to strengthen field management to reduce disasters and ensure production. The specific approach is:
Timely elimination of water in the field: According to the situation of water accumulation and topography, using drainage machinery and digging drainage channels, the accumulated water in the field and the stagnant water in the plough layer should be discharged as soon as possible to minimize the time of water accumulation in the field.
Timely arrangement of field plants: The plants are flooded and blown by the wind, the roots are damaged, and they are easy to fall. After drainage, they must be straightened and straightened in time, and the surface sludge should be washed away to facilitate photosynthesis and promote plant growth.
Temporary ploughing of loose soil: soil compaction after drainage, poor ventilation, serious imbalance of water, gas and heat conditions, must be ploughed early to break the knot, divergence ventilation, prevent roots, and at the same time carry out soil to prevent lodging.
Adding quick-acting fertilizer in time: After the crop is flooded, the soil nutrient is lost a lot, and the root absorption capacity is weak. It is very beneficial to timely restore the plant to restore growth and increase yield. Before the plants resume growth, foliar spray fertilizer (such as 0.5% to 1% urea solution, 2% to 3% calcium perphosphate leaching solution, 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and Tianda 2116 , spray Shibao, Amino acids, etc. are dominant; after the plants return to growth, root fertilization is carried out to reduce the damage caused by the disaster.
Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases: After the disaster, the field temperature is high, the humidity is high, and the crop growth is weak, and the stress resistance is reduced. It is suitable for a variety of pests and diseases, and timely investigation and prevention should be carried out to control the spread.
Timely replanting of other crops: Due to the disaster-rejected fields, it is necessary to seize the season and promptly plant fast-growing vegetables or short-lived small grains such as mung beans and red beans to make up for disaster losses to the greatest extent possible. For places that have difficulties in replanting, after the water is discharged, it is necessary to grasp the cultivation, water storage and protection, and lay a good foundation for autumn and winter planting.
Source of information: rural newspaper   Author: Yutang Wang
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