The latest results of phosphating before painting
Improving quality, reducing costs, saving energy, and protecting the environment are the goals that have been pursued in various materials such as pretreatment. In recent years, Japan has introduced a low-temperature low-residue phosphating solution in terms of lowering the temperature of the phosphating process and reducing the phosphating slag. Major advances in phosphating solutions have focused on nitrite-free research and have made significant progress.
The addition of a promoter to the phosphating solution can increase the rate of the phosphating reaction, eliminate the influence of hydrogen and control the amount of slag formation. The traditional accelerator is sodium nitrite, which is widely used. The aqueous nitrite solution decomposes automatically and therefore needs to be added and measured frequently. A small amount of toxic nitrous acid is produced during the phosphating process, which accelerates the modification of the steel sheet. The failure of the production line is more serious. Nitrite reacts with amines and easily forms nitrosamines, which are carcinogenic substances, so efforts have been made to improve accelerators. At present, the following three types are used on the production line:
(1) Â Â Â Â Â Â Hydrogen peroxide: commonly known as hydrogen peroxide. The product after the reaction is water, completely non-toxic, harmless, no accumulation effect, no pollution to the flushing water, and does not emit harmful gases, which is ideal. However, its control requirements are high and its stability is poor, so only a few production lines are put into practical use.
(2) Â Â Â Â Â Â The inclusive accelerator is added to the phosphating solution with a hydroxylamino compound ( HA ) as a promoter. Generally, there is no need to add it separately in the production process, and the process operation is very simple and easy to control. HA sometimes degrades in the bath and may decompose ammonia, requiring neutralization with alkali. HA manufacturer rarely, very high cost, relatively easy to get a useful HAS is replaced, but HAS containing sulfate, high sulfate concentration in the bath will decrease corrosion resistance after coating. Products using HA as an in-promoter are compared to a line for high-volume production in immersion.
(3) Â Â Â Â Â Â Nickel-free phosphating is another focus of the development of phosphating materials. Nickel was once a particularly emphasized component of phosphating solutions. Usually, the product specification states that it is a phosphating solution of zinc, nickel, and ternary system, and even emphasizes that its product is high in nickel. Because the presence of nickel can improve the corrosion resistance and accelerate the phosphating reaction. But nickel is toxic and has a cumulative effect. Various countries have listed nickel as a carcinogen in the Ford Substance Use Restriction, and the concentration is strictly limited. For example, the content of nickel in German wastewater is not allowed to exceed ( 0.2 - 0.5 ) x10-6 . Such low levels are difficult to meet even with a dedicated processing system. Therefore, nickel-free phosphating has become the goal of research. In the nickel-free process, copper or cobalt is used instead of nickel. It has long been used in the home appliance industry such as refrigerators and washing machines. Because of its anti-corrosion ability, it is difficult to meet the needs of the automotive industry with high weather resistance requirements. In recent years, people have researched phosphating solutions that do not contain nickel or cobalt. Their anti-corrosion ability fully meets the needs of the automotive industry and is promoted and applied in production. It is fully applicable to cold rolled steel sheets, electrogalvanized sheets, and aluminum. However, on hot-dip galvanized sheets, the paint adhesion of the phosphating layer is not good enough.
(4) Â Â Â Â Â Â In order to reduce the weight of the body, aluminum or even all-aluminum body is replacing steel or galvanized steel. The body made of lighter magnesium and plastic is also in the test, the corresponding pre-treated materials are already available, and the application of pre-phosphorized steel is more and more extensive.
      [This article is edited and edited by Xianghe Phosphate Division. If you need to reprint, please indicate the source in the form of a link, thank you!
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HIDEEP Product Information
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Air pressure testing
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