New type of carbon nanocomposite material from Tianjin University achieves solar energy chemical heat storage

The development of new types of solar thermal storage materials has become an important basis for exploring the efficient use of solar energy. Recently, the team led by Professor Feng Wei of the School of Materials Science and Technology of Tianjin University has prepared azobenzene/graphene composites with efficient photovoltaic chemical heat storage properties through chemical structural design, overcoming the low storage density of traditional photovoltaic heat storage materials and technologies. The limitations of the large size of the device and the device provide the possibility of achieving high-density, long-term cycling of solar heat storage. The results were recently published in the Nature Research Group's journal Scientific Reports.

Photovoltaic chemical heat storage utilizes the light-controlled chemical structural transformation of materials, stores light energy in metastable chemical bonds, and realizes the release of thermal energy through controlled recovery. The key to designing photovoltaic chemical heat storage materials is to increase their heat storage density and structural stability. The research group obtained azobenzene/graphene composites containing different molecular-level hydrogen bonds by controlling the substituent groups of the molecules.

The photo-isomerization transition induced by ultraviolet light was used to realize the thermal energy storage and controlled release of solar energy. The density of the solar energy was also calculated and verified by the density functional theory. The experimental results show that the half-life of the metastable structure of the azobenzene/graphene complex reaches 5400 hours through the optimization of molecular-level hydrogen bonds, which is 10 times longer than that of common azobenzene dyes; meanwhile, the thermal storage density of the composites Up to 269 kJ/kg, 2 times that of ordinary azobenzene dyes.

The research work was supported by the National 973 Program and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Currently, the team is exploring the feasibility of its application in temperature control systems and other related fields by optimizing the heat storage density and cycling stability of composite materials and constructing a photovoltaic chemical heat storage device based on this material.

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