Abstract: This paper explores the mechanisms behind Chinese herbal medicine feed additives and their impact on pig growth performance, reproductive efficiency, carcass quality, meat characteristics, and immune function. The study highlights the potential of traditional Chinese medicine as a natural alternative to chemical additives in modern animal nutrition.
Keywords: pigs; Chinese herbal medicine; feed additives; application status
CLC number: S858.28 Document code: B Article number: 1003-8655 (2012)
China has a long history of using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), making it one of the earliest and most widely used countries for medicinal applications. With the rapid development of the feed industry, concerns over the harmful effects of chemical additives have increased, leading to a growing interest in natural alternatives. TCM-based feed additives are gaining popularity due to their effectiveness, safety, and minimal side effects. This article provides an overview of the current use of TCM feed additives in pig farming.
1. Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Feed Additives
1.1 Natural Origin
Traditional Chinese medicines are derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, and minerals. These ingredients retain their biological activity and are often used in formulations that support overall health and balance in animals. Their natural composition makes them compatible with the physiological systems of livestock.
1.2 Safety and Reliability
Through centuries of use and testing, TCM feed additives have been refined to include only the most beneficial active compounds. These substances are generally safe, with low toxicity and minimal risk of drug resistance, making them a reliable choice for long-term use in animal feed.
1.3 Broad Functional Effects
Many TCM ingredients contain bioactive components like polysaccharides, alkaloids, and glycosides. When used appropriately in feed, they can enhance nutrient absorption, improve metabolic functions, and promote overall well-being in pigs, contributing to better growth and productivity.
1.4 Low Risk of Drug Resistance
Unlike synthetic drugs and antibiotics, which can lead to drug resistance over time, TCM additives are less likely to cause resistance. They can be safely used over extended periods and may even help reduce the side effects of antibiotics when used together.
1.5 Economic and Environmentally Friendly
As natural products, TCM additives are easy to source and process, with minimal environmental impact. Their stability and ease of storage make them cost-effective and practical for large-scale use in the feed industry.
2. Application of Chinese Medicine Feed Additives in Pig Production
2.1 Impact on Growth Performance
Studies have shown that certain herbal combinations, such as Astragalus, Codonopsis, and Malt, can significantly improve daily weight gain and reduce feed conversion ratios, leading to better economic returns. For instance, research by Li Yujun found that these herbs enhanced growth rates and improved feed efficiency. Similarly, Wang Shizhen’s experiments showed that adding Hawthorn, Atractylodes, and other herbs increased body weight by up to 8.7% compared to control groups. Other studies also indicate that TCM additives can stimulate appetite, increase feed intake, and support healthy growth in pigs.
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